Polishing or lapping machine



Jan. 16, 1951 .1. G. KAVENY POLISHING 0R LAPPING MACHINE Filed Dec.

Inulle Patented Jan. 16, 1 951 c. e3:

A Urn-'riso STATES 253s,46,1 e ,l

POLISH-weon- Llnlnrert MACHINE John, Gordon Kavny MontelaiAppliaqnnecember 15, i948,l seein-'Nei 65,433'

'f "I'hsfinv'ention: relates to improvements; in.gpcflishingr'cnlalgmingmachinesJ ofi the type usedi in nisfhing dies;Vand', more especially for polishing the' die apertures of tungstencarbide. Wire drawl'in'gfangisimilar dies The --finve'ntiomv has .for anobject to f' prot-ideen improved. .construction of polishing orlappingmachine. olf-fthe 'type having.' oppos`ed-.-head; and tail steaks,wherein-the tai1`st0ck-inciudeg;means tof; support .fai Erotatablespindle .provded' with a ehueky ier; operativelyceupl-ing. aY lapping'to'olfor gpinltherewith, and imtherineludinginevel meansvfdr":reciprocating-fthe spindle: supporting`V means with:;..oscillatorymovement together.. with means foeregulating thehearing tensiono'jthenperllappingatoel or pin-upon the Workfwhereby tu'. produce af.yconstant rubbing kcontact Y yof vsaid lapping tool or pin .with the.surfaoefeff the-Work under-treatment, vwhich eOntaGt'-V is aecornpanedby tensionall thrustefr the Mormer `toward `the latter odesireddegree.

.Other ehjeetsf-ofi the vinvention.,v not atrths time'more;-;particularlyenumerated, will Y' be under- 'steodfgfrom the:follow-ing detailed description oi fthesame; 3116K An illustrativeembediment/.is shownin. the

. aceompanying drawingsinzwhichf Fgl isa side elevationalviewof-.thepolishing or lapping machine accordingptathis invention.; Fig-Zis a transversevertical seetienal-View, taken on line 2-2 in Fig. l; andFig. 3 is a fragmentary sideelevationalview, with. partgbreken .away andpartsinlongitudinalsection...

vSimilar charactersof reference. are employed in the, hereinabovedescribedviews, toindioate eor- 'responding parts.

Referring to the drawings, the reference char: atelxl' indicates ltheba'seof the machine, the "saine being preferably supported fby legs 'Il.Mounted on Qneend ofthe base .lli is the usual headistoek I2 With whioha'polishingor lapping machine of the kindstated isjpr'ovided.Rotatablymounted in the head steek i2. isv a head stock spindle( 1.3which is provided with collet. 14 in whichthe die or other'work .l5 tebev treatedis clamped. lhecollet,Mv is operated by avidra'wr-in barilihaving a handle l1 forfrnanipulatng the same. Fixed onV said .spindlemi3isa step pulley l,over which can. be riinapovver transmission heltf--notshown). by which the maohineis-operf ated -.Alsoaxed-.on thespindle'` 1.3. ,is adrive Journaleein .thefbaselsee-t6 extend; ieneitwytnerethrougnais-.a eounzerihaft n.. .Fixed adjnstment:Vtowarduandetromgthe above. described.

headstock mechanism, is-:the Aear-riag'e memberli ofthe .tailstocastructure of the machine. Said'y carriage :memberf 2-3 -.Can beSecured yteZ the. base mg; inrzadjfusted position thereon. by a.v clampvele#- menti Z4 which eooperates--with said base HL. and

which isfadaptedto .be actuated by: an. eccentre cam-125 having hand#lever ..2"5-` by which---it1is manipulatedgiallfi.manner'.knownftotthefart. TEX-A tendmgA rearwardly from. the.carri-age; member," 23 is a' bracketlarml27Min.Whiehrisvmountedaftrans-v l verse: pivotingf`=shaft28- fPivoltally` supported/.by

. to. s'tracl'dle:thebracketv arm 2 so' as to be: re.-

spectively supported-.by their: lowerf ends .upon .thiefrespective:endsfofsaidpivoting shaft 28'. .@Pivot'- ally'supportediniconne'etion. with the?` uppenend ofthe tail..stock-rframeisfalongitudinallyfdirected bea'fri-nginfie'rnber3U.l :Axed onthe rearwardend portion 'of-1. said bearing' member. lrisir a. `yoke 31 having"opp'osit'ely extending transverse trun-nions 32 which respectivelypivotally engage in .respe tive upperr endeportions: of the `'sideplatesvznof the'tail stoeIi-frame, whereby-Ito pivotal'lyisupport the-bearng memberrfor up and .down .oscillatory movementin vertical piane;Rotatably 'supported by! the' bearingmember'. 3D is. a' khollelwvspindle' driving-shaft 331,'- i'nfvvh'zh` is adjustably' `secured 'anaxially extendingrspindle 341 Said: `spindle, is" providedat itsforward?r endwith a chuck' 35 for operatively coupling alappingteolor'pina to theispinfdle, Fixed-onthe rearwardfendno theI'o0nntershaft2 'fis afdrive pulley 31,- and-.fixed onthe'rearwardvend-of the spindle; driving' shaft run'siove'r the pulleysST/and 38;whereby to rotate the shaft 33, spindle 36" andlappngrtooI-or pin iii.vncep'ulleyd ison theouter or rearward end* f )ffdriveY spindle vshaft33;' beltj39= will 'exenta downward pnllon said A shaftand) therebycoun;

Y terbalanelthe j weight@- of' j the inner portion* pf bearing-' meinbenvandthe :parts supported reprises rearwardly-,Prof

@eenheid-QiSaidffdllniershaitfl isla-flte? l provides a unitary part ofthe tail stock frame, and is so related thereto as to extend from apoint intermediate the lower end and upper ends thereof. Fixed on thecountershaft is an eccentric cam 42 which is disposed below therearwardly projecting free end portion of the rocker arm 40. Threadeddownwardly through the free end portion of the rocker arm 4D is a camfollower stud 43 which bears upon the eccentric cam 42.V Salo camfollower' stud 43 may .be adjusted relative to the eccentric cam 42 soas to predetermine the limit of the back stroke or" the tail stockframe. Cam 42 is axially wide and substantially parallel to thedirection of adjustment of `carriage member 23, so follower stud 43 isfree to slide axially on the cam periphery during any carriage adjust- Yment without affecting the angular positionA of,

rocker arm 4i). Means is provided to cause the rocker arm ,43 and itscam follower stud 43 to* follow the eccentric cam 42. The means for thispurpose comprises a longitudinally disposed, endwise open housing member44 which is provided in connection with the upper part of the carriagemember 23 of the tail stock structure. Fixed in Y connection with and soas to extend through said housingmember 44 is a barrel45 having arear--` wardly open bore 46 and a forward end wall 4l.

Slida-.blyrmovable in'said bore 43 is a thrust pin Y serves as guidingmeans for spring 53 and limits outward thrustv ofthrustpin 48. Engagedbetweenthe end wall 4l of the barrel 45 and the inner end of the thrustpin 48 isa compression spring 50. Said compression spring 50 yieldablyurgesy the thrust pin 3B against the rfixed end of the rocker arm 40,whereby to swing the tail stock frame in Vclockwise direction, and thusthe free end of the rocker arm 40 with its cam follower stud 43downwardly, to cause the latter to maintain contact with the surfaceofthe eccentric cam 42. i l Means is provided for yieldably inducing-adown swinging movement of the bearing member and the spindle 34 andlapping tool or pin 36 which is supported by said bearing member 30,whereby to produce a constant bearing contact or thrust of the operativeend portion of the .lapping tool or pin 36 againstthe surface of the dieI5 under regulatable tension, while said'tool' or pin'is rotatedandrreciprocated by the cam actuated movement of the tail stock frame.The means for causing the lapping tool or pin to tensionally bearagainst the surface of the die under treatment comprises a pull spring5LY the lower end of which is anchored to the carrier member 23. Aixedto the bearing member 30, forwardly of its pivotalconnection with thetall stock/"frame, is a laterally projecting bracket 52 which visprovided withl a slottedvorfbifurca'te free end portion. Connected withthe upper end of the pull spring 5I is a screw-threaded coupler element53, which is disposed to extend upwardly through the slotted orbifurcate free end portion of the bracket 52. Threaded onto the free endportion of the coupler element 53 is an adjusting nutV54-which bearsupon the upper face of said bracket 52. It will be obvious that byturning the adjusting nut 54 in proper direction, the down pullingtension of the pull spring 5I may be op- 4 tionally increased ordecreased, whereby to regulate the degree of tensional down thrust forceby which the lapping tool or pin 33 is caused to bear upon the surfaceof the die I5 under treatment thereby. Preparatory to operation of themachine, the spindle 34 is longitudinally adjusted and so fixed to itsdriving shaft 33 as to operatively enter and engage the lapping tool orpin 36 in the aperture ofthe die I5, the surface of which is desired tobe polished or lapped.

In the operation of the machine, when power is'applied to the pulley I8,the head stock spindle I3 and collet I4 are rotated so as to rotate thedie I5 which is affixed to the collet. Power is trans- Amitted from thehead stock spindle I3, by the pulleyland beltV transmission I9, 22 and 2I to the countershaft 23.Y Power is transmitted from the countershaft2B, by the pulley and belt transmission 31, 33 and 3S, to the spindledriving shaft 33 of the tail stock structure, whereby thespindler34 andlapping tool or pin 36 is rotated. Also the countershaft 2li rotates theeccentric cam 42.

The rotated eccentric cam 42 operating.-.upon the rocker arm 49, inconjunction with thespring actuated thrust pin 48, produces backandforth oscillation of the tail stock frame, whereby the bearing member38 is longitudinally reciprocated, together withV the rotated spindle 34and lapping tool or pin'33, relative to the rotated die I5: Due'v tothis, the contactingsurfaces of the vlapping tool or pin 36land the dieaperture are not only rela- Y toY the rotated and Yreciprocated lappingtool or pin 36. relative tothe die aperture surface, not only is theformer maintained in constant rub-i` bing contact with the latter, butat the same' time subject to ardesired selected degree of rubbingpressure. l Since the tension of downward thrust of the lapping tool orpin is subject to reg-v ulation, by adjustment of the tension Vlof pullspring 5I, the bearing pressure .ofn said tool or pin upon the dieaperture surface 'can'be effecv tively maintained at the desiredselective amount of pressure force Vfound to be of best advantage foraccomplishment of the polishing or lapping operation. y

From the above it will be understood that aL very` efficient means isprovided for relatively moving the mutually engaged surfaces of a lap-lping toolfor pin and the work both rotatively and reciprocably, while atthe same time assuring both constant engagement Vof-said surfaceswithout interruption or chattering as well as with a Y desired degree ofrubbing pressure.

Having now describedY my invention, I claim l. In a polishingror`lapping Vmachine of the kind described having a head stock providedwith means for rotating the work and a driven countershaft, a tailstock.structure'coinprising a carn riage member mounted for manualsliding ad# justment substantially parallel to the axis of said workrotating means, securing means for saidcarriage member, a tail stockframe pivotally sup-l ported by said carriage member for oscillation onan axis substantially perpendicular to the direction of carriage memberadjustment, said tail stock frame having a rocker arm, a lcarndriven` bysaid coimtershaftoperative upon thel'rocker arm to oscillate said tailstock frame, sprir`1g`a izuir ated means urging said rocker arm in'following relation to said cam, a bearing member pivotally supported bysaid tail stock frame on an axis substantially parallel to the pivotalaxis of said tail stock Trame, a spindle driving shaft journaled in saidbearing member on an axis substantially perpendicular to the pivotalaxis of said bearing member, countershaft driven transmission means forrotating said spindle driving shaft, a spindle extending from and drivenby said driving shaft, means for coupling a lapping tool to saidVspindle, and spring means cooperative with said bearing member, saidspring means being adapted'l to down swing said bearing member, spindle.and lapping tool whereby to effect rubbing pressure of the latter uponthe work.

2. In a polishing or lapping machine as defined in claim l, theconstruction and arrangement of parts, wherein the cam for oscillatingthe tail stock frame is rotatable on an axis substantially parallel tothe direction of adjustment of the carriage member and has an axiallywide peripheral face which may be traversed axially by the rocker arm inits following relation to said cam during Aadjustment of the carriagemember.

3. In a polishing or lapping machine as dei-ined in claim 1, theconstruction and arrangement of the cam follower means, wherein a screwthreaded follower stud is adjustably engaged with the rocker arm of thetail stock framev for movement toward and away from -the countershaftdriven cam to permit predetermination of the limit of the backstroke ofthe said tail stock frame.

4. In a polishing or lapping machine as dened in claim 1, theconstruction and arrangement of parts, wherein the work rotating meansand countershaft are disposed with their rotational axes substantiallyhorizontal and' in the same Vertical plane, and wherein the countershaftdriven means for rotating the spindle driving shaft comprising a drivingpulley aflixed to the countershaft, a driven pulley axed to the outerend of the spindle driving shaft, and a belt connecting both of saidpulleys for power transmission and to` counterbalance the weight of theinner end portion of the bearing member and supported parts.

JOHN GORDON KAVENY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the iile ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain Apr.25, 1918 Number Number

